Grammar Info

N5 Lesson 4: 3/13

な-Adjective + (Noun)Describing a noun

Structure

[な]Adjective + + Noun

Examples:
(しず)か + + (よる)
元気(げんき) + + 子供(こども)

Details

  • Part of Speech

    Expression

  • Word Type

    Noun

  • Register

    Standard

About な-Adjective + Noun

In Japanese, almost any type of word can be attached to the beginning of a noun to modify the meaning, or describe the qualities of that noun. However, depending on the type of word used, conjugation rules will differ slightly.

For な-Adjectives, they will always need to be followed by , when used before a noun. This means that adjective (A) is describing qualities/features of noun (B).

Caution

Many words can take either or when describing a noun. The difference in meaning is usually clear. Let's take a look at both nuances.

(A) (B) means that - (A) is a quality/feature of (B)

(A) (B) means that - (A) is the type/purpose of (B)

  • (しあわ)()
    A happy day. (A 'quality' of this day is that it is 'happy')
  • (しあわ)(にお)い。
    The smell of happiness. (The 'type' of smell is that of 'happiness')

To avoid making this mistake when using な-Adjectives to describe a noun, it can be helpful to think about whether you are describing a 'quality', or the 'purpose' of something.

Examples

--:--

    (ひま)一日(いちにち)

    A free day

    (あさひ)(おか)(しず)かな(まち)です

    Asahigaoka is a quiet town.

    たなかさん親切(しんせつ)(ひと)

    Tanaka-san is a kind person.

    これ便利(べんり)ツールです

    This is a convenient tool.

    綺麗(きれい)タオルトイレある

    There are clean towels in the bathroom.

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