Grammar Info

N4 Lesson 6: 9/16

させられる (Causative-Passive)Verbs (Causative-passive voice), To be made to do something, To be forced to do

Structure

Examples:
[る1]Verb → () + させられる
[す]Verb(はな) + させられる

[る5]Verb → (すわ) + らせられる
(すわ) + らされる

[う]Verb(うた) + わせられる
(うた) + (うた)わされる

[く]Verb(ある) + かせられる
(ある) + (ある)かされる

[つ]Verb() + たせられる
() + ()たされる

[ぬ]Verb() + なせられる
() + ()なされる

[ぶ]Verb() + ばせられる
() + ()ばされる

[む]Verb(やす) + ませられる
(やす) + (やす)まされる

[ぐ]Verb(およ) + がせられる
(およ) + (およ)がされる

Exceptions:
する → させられる
くる → こさせられる

Details

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About Causative-Passive

When the auxiliary verb せる (or させる) 'to make/let do' is combined with the auxiliary verb られる 'to be the receiver of', it creates the causative-passive form of verbs in Japanese. These sentences will be from the perspective of the person who has 'been made to do' something, and are very often negative (against the will of the speaker).

First, verbs must be conjugated in the same way that they would be with せる, or させる. After that simply remove the る, and then add られる. This will create the verb form させられる (linked with る-Verbs), or せられる (linked with う-Verbs).

As with the causative form, する and () have special conjugation rules. する will be replaced completely by させられる, while () will become ()させられる.

Caution

Unlike with causative verbs, where the actual doer of a sentence (marked with ) is considered to be the person who 'caused' the action, られる reverses the perspective. This makes the doer (marked with ) the person who is being 'forced' to do something. When the person that is 'causing' the action appears in a causative-passive sentence, they will be marked with .

Caution

れる may not be used in place of られる in causative-passive sentences. This is because せる and させる both have せ (an え sound kana) at the point where they will connect with られる. This is a rule for all verbs with an え sound kana at their conjugation point (excluding the 'potential' use of れる and られる).

Examples

--:--

    (なか)いっぱいなのに、ケーキ()べさせられた

    I was forced to eat the cake even though I was full.

    (わたし)(あに)宿題(しゅくだい)させられた

    I was forced to do homework by my older brother.

    どんなことさせられたの?

    What kind of things were you forced to do?

    (いや)ことさせられた

    I was made to do awful things.

    あまり()たくない動画(どうが)()させられたのです

    I was forced to watch a video I didn't really want to watch.

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      Causative-Passive – Grammar Discussion

      Most Recent Replies (27 in total)

      • mrnoone

        mrnoone

        Verb[Causative-Passive]

        Structure

        Verb Ex. dictionary form Conjugated Conjugated short
        V(る1)→ !見 させられる
        V(す)→ !話 させられる
        V(る5)→ らせられる らされる
        V(う)→ わせられる わされる
        V(く)→ かせられる かされる
        V(つ)→ たせられる ...
      • zeynokiz

        zeynokiz

        Hi! I’m a little confused as to the conjugation of one of the sentences.

        お金出せば、全部払わさせれるよ。

        Unless I’m mistaken, shouldn’t the sentence be:

        お金出せば、全部払わせられるよ。
        OR
        お金出せば、全部払わされるよ。

        Thank you!

      • mrnoone

        mrnoone

        Great find! It has been fixed!

        Thank you!

      • zeynokiz

        zeynokiz

        Thank you!

      • ezhmd

        ezhmd

      • mrnoone

        mrnoone

        Hey!

        It is proper Japanese, it should be working now

      • s1212z

        s1212z

        Kinda feel this sentence should be in the ‘causative-passive’ category and not ‘causative’ based on the translation. Does this agree?

        凄い嫌と言っているが、このパーティーにこさせられた。

      • Johnathan-Weir

        Johnathan-Weir

        For what I understand using causative here makes this spoken from OUR perspective. Whereas, causative-passive would be from HIS perspective. So either could be used depending on what perspective you want to speak from.

      • xBl4ck

        xBl4ck

      • mrnoone

        mrnoone

        Fixed!

      • kzkr

        kzkr

        Hey, I’m not sure how commonly used they are, but I’m struggling a bit with understanding how constructs like ~てほしい or ~たい would interact with the Causative-Passive form. I think I understand how they work with the Causative or Passive forms on their own, but it’d be nice to double check those as well.

        Does ~たい actually even make sense? Since in the the explanation above it says:

        Causative passive is used when someone is unwilling, but is still made to do something.

        Regardless, given the example sentence:
        「 上司に力仕事をさせられる」
        「My boss forces me to do physical labor」

        Would these modifications be correct?

        Causative-Passive

        「 上司に力仕事をさせられたい」
        「I want my boss to force me to do physical labor」

      • Daru

        Daru

        Hey there! Great question @kzkr.

        Depends on the context and what you want to say. A lot of time in Japanese, even though you can connect two grammar points, it doesn’t mean you should. Even then, I think this makes for an interesting exercise so let’s take a look!

      • kzkr

        kzkr

        Thanks for the wonderful insight, @Daru!
        It definitely helped clear things up a lot.

        I do agree that the example sentence I chose ended up sounding a bit weird, but there are cases where Passive Form + ...

      • Daru

        Daru

        Happy to help!
        Just stating ○○さんに○○られたい definitely works as in you want to be done something by someone. From this perspective, I don’t think the sentence is ungrammatical.

        This word certainly gets you results on Twitter, that’s all I’m going to say.

        (You learn something everyday.

      • Dsingis

        Dsingis

        I wonder, which form is more common in day-to-day japanese? 歩かせられる or 歩かされる ?

        My Genki textbook said, that both are “grammatical”, but the shorter form 歩かされる is much more common. Yet in Bunpro I see no such comment, and all the example sentences use the long form. Also Togofu only teaches the longer form al well.

      • Fuga

        Fuga

        Hey there! 歩かせられる is the more grammatical way of saying it, but 歩かされる is used in speech because it is a little easier to say. However, I feel like they are both equally as common since some people might prefer one over the other. Personally, speaking from a native perspective, I would used 歩かせられる when writing, but will use 歩かされる when I’m talking.

      • simias

        simias

        Thank you for this very useful precision!

        I wish Bunpro would have dedicated grammar entries to practice these common shortenings.

        Another one that trips me up often in a different genre is 〜れば → 〜りゃ.

      • Flaviovleal

        Flaviovleal

      • nekoyama

        nekoyama

        Because it’s asking for “Hypothetical” at the top. See the たら grammar point.

      • Flaviovleal

        Flaviovleal

        Thanks, haven’t got to lesson 8 yet!

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