「お菓子（かし）をたくさん食（た）べてお腹（なか）が痛（いた）いよ。」

部屋（へや）が綺麗（きれい）でのんびりできます。

メアリーがアメリカに帰（かえ）って悲（かな）しいです。

勇者（ゆうしゃ）さまは５年（ねん）前（まえ）に、交通事故（こうつうじこ）で死（し）んだ。

日本語（にほんご）能力試験（のうりょくしけん）に合格（ごうかく）して嬉（うれ）しかったです。

先週（せんしゅう）、インフルエンザにかかって、仕事（しごと）を休（やす）んだのです。

たなかさんはベジタリアンだと聞（き）いてびっくりしました。

寝（ね）る前（まえ）にブラックコーヒーを飲（の）んで寝（ね）られないんだ。

文字（もじ）も小（ちい）さすぎて読（よ）めないよ。

おっちゃんのコンサートは雨（あめ）で中止（ちゅうし）になった。

ルームメートがうるさくて全然（ぜんぜん）勉強（べんきょう）できない。

おとなしさんは病気（びょうき）で参加（さんか）できませんでした。

<div class='writeup-body'>One of the functions that the conjunction particle て performs in Japanese is very similar to 'since', or 'due to', in English. Phrases that use this particular (A) て (B) nuance of the て-form primarily express something that is beyond the control of the speaker in the (B) statement. To use this grammar construction, pair the て-form of a verb or い-Adjective with the (B) phrase. In the case of nouns and な-Adjectives, で (the particle) will be used instead.<ul class='writeup-examples--holder'><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>犯人（はんにん）が捕（つか）まって安心（あんしん）です。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>I feel safe because the criminal got caught.</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>今日（きょう）は宿題（しゅくだい）が多（おお）くて行（い）けなかった。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>I couldn't go today because I had a lot of homework.</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'> 田舎（いなか）は静（しず）かなので落（お）ち着（つ）きます。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>I can relax in the countryside because it is quiet.</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>虫歯（むしば）で歯（は）が痛（いた）い。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>My tooth hurts because of a cavity.</div></li></ul><div class='writeup-funfact'><div class='funfact-header'>Fun Fact</div>The 'because' nuance of て (or で) in this grammar construction is primarily influenced by the (B) phrase being something that is uncontrollable, rather than being a different meaning of the particles て, or で themselves. Literally the meaning is closer to the following: (A) て 困（こま）る - Being troubled cannot be controlled, so (A) must have caused it. (A) て 嬉（うれ）しい - Being happy cannot be controlled, so (A) must have caused it. (A) て 大変（たいへん） - Having a problem cannot be controlled, so (A) must have caused it. (A) て びっくり - Being surprised cannot be controlled, so (A) must have caused it. (A) て 疲（つか）れている - Being worn-out cannot be controlled, so (A) must have caused it. (A) て 心配（しんぱい） - Feeling anxiety cannot be controlled, so (A) must have caused it. Many other words, such as the ones listed above will cause て (or で) to have a similar nuance. てすみません also uses this meaning of て, as すみません is a feeling that the speaker cannot control, relating to the situation being left unfinished.</div></div>

English

Grammar Info

～て (Reasons and Causes)

and・and so, due to, because of, since, conjunctive