Structure
Verb［おう］ + とも
Verb［なくて］ + とも
［な］Adjective + であろう + とも
［い］Adjective［く］(1) + とも
(1) ［い］Adjective［かろう］
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Standard
About とも
とも is a particle that can be used either as a sentence-ending particle, conjunction particle, or adverbial particle. Despite this, the meanings are often interchangeable, and it depends mostly on what type of word they are grouped with as to which type of particle it is. Common interpretations of とも in almost any situation are 'even if (A)', or 'no matter if (A)', and it will basically always simply highlight that 'in spite of (A), still (B)'.
As a conjunction particle, とも will be paired with any words that are followed by the auxiliary verbs う, or よう, or after い-Adjectives in their conjunctive form.
The adverbial particle usage only appears after い-Adjectives in their conjunctive form, and a select number of adverbs. It is recommended not to use this structure after adverbs unless you have already seen it used this way in native material.
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Examples
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どんなことになろうとも、国家が破産するのはまずありえない。
No matter what (becomes of it) , it is impossible for a country to go bankrupt.
頂点には届かなくとも、行けるところまで行ってみよう。
Even if we don't reach the summit, let's try to go as far as we can.
どんなに生意気になろうとも、わたしの息子であることに変わりはない。
No matter how cheeky he becomes, he's still my son.
誰に憎まれようとも、使命を果たさないわけにはいきません。
Even if everyone hates it, it is an obligation we must fulfill.
ため息が出ようとも、仕事はやり遂げなければなりません。
Even if you sigh, you must get some work done.
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とも – Grammar Discussion
Most Recent Replies (2 in total)
dokidokiwakuwaku
Can someone explain the difference in usage between this form and つつも? Thank you!
casual
In this test sentence:
誰に憎まれようとも、使命を果たさないわけにはいきません。
Even if everyone hates it, it is an obligation we must fulfill.Wouldn’t here 誰に imply someone (no matter who), and 誰にも be needed to mean everyone?
Thank you
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