Grammar Info

N5 Lesson 8: 3/13

(まえ)

Before, In front of

Structure

Verb + (まえ)
Noun + + (まえ)

Details

  • Part of Speech

    Expression

  • Word Type

    Case Marking Particle

  • Register

    Standard

About まえに

(まえ) is used when describing something that is either 'before something' (in time), or 'in front of something' (a location). It is used with verbs (in their non-past form), or nouns. When used with nouns, is required before (まえ).

Caution

Another similar construction to (まえ) is 手前(てまえ). (まえ) can be used for something that is in front of any location. However, 手前(てまえ) may only be used when things in front of you (or someone/something else) are being described physically.

  • 銀行(ぎんこう)(まえ)あるラーメン()
    The ramen shop in front of the bank.
  • (わたし)手前(てまえ)ある着物(きもの)(たか)です
    The kimono right in front of me is expensive.

Examples

--:--

    ()まえに「いただきます()う。

    Before eating we say 'いただきます'.

    (かえ)まえに勉強(べんきょう)する

    Before going home I will study.

    まえにここ()ました

    I've been here before.

    ()まえに()(あら)います

    I will wash my hands before I eat.

    テレビのまえに(つくえ)があります

    There is a desk in front of the TV.

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        • Marugoto Elementary 1 (A2) Rikai

          Page 82, 138

        • みんなの日本語 I

          Page 116 [CH 18]

        • [DBJG] A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar

          Page 231

        • Genki II 2nd Edition

          Page 127

        • Genki II 1st Edition

          Page 101

        • [AIAIJ] An Integrated Approach to Intermediate Japanese

          Page 114

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      まえに – Grammar Discussion

      Most Recent Replies (10 in total)

      • dokidokiwakuwaku

        dokidokiwakuwaku

        Can someone elaborate on the distinction between this point and 手前? Thank you!

      • additionalramen

        additionalramen

        With the example 病院の前にあるコンビニ -

        How can you tell what’s in front of what? Like how do you know the convenience store is in front of the hospital and not the other way around?

      • casual

        casual

        (A)の前に just means in front of (A). So 病院の前に would be “in front of hospital”, and コンビニの前に would be “in front of convenience store”.

        And then the noun that A is in front of comes in through direct noun modification… mm not sure if there is a more specific point on bunpro, but let’s link this one: がある + Noun (JLPT N5) | Bunpro

        So, together (A)の前にある(B) means “(B), that exists in front of (A)”. You can’t mix them up.

        Hope this helps?

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