Structure
Verb[て]+ は(1)
[い]Adjective[て]+ は
[な]Adjective + では(2)
Noun + では(2)
(1) Verb[て] + ちゃ
(2) じゃ
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Standard
使用域
一般
About ては
When the particles て and は are combined, they form a regular composite structure that is used primarily to highlight repeating actions, or to make assessments or judgments about potential situations. In this grammar structure, we will be looking at the nuance that is used with potential situations. This may be interpreted simply as 'if (A), (B)', 'when (A), (B)', or 'because of (A), (B)'.
At times when used as 'if', ては will generally express some sort of negative expectation or comment.
Depending on what ては appears after, では may be used instead. This is the case when following nouns, な-Adjectives, or verbs that require で to be used instead of て when conjugating.
At times when used as 'if', ては will generally express some sort of negative expectation or comment.
Depending on what ては appears after, では may be used instead. This is the case when following nouns, な-Adjectives, or verbs that require で to be used instead of て when conjugating.
- そのように力を入れて回してはネジがだめになってしまいますよ。If you turn it with such force, you're going to ruin the screw.
- そんなに長くては鞄に入らないので、半分に折ってください。It won't fit in my bag if it's that long, so please fold it in half.
- 私は掃除が苦手なので、そんな几帳面では私と住むことができないだろう。I don't like cleaning, so if you are that well-organized, you probably won't be able to live with me. (You probably won't enjoy living with me)
- そんな貧乏くさい格好ではあのレストランには入れないよ。If you have such a poor-looking outfit, they won't let you into that restaurant.
- リーダーがあの人じゃ嫌です。どうしてもあの人じゃないといけないなら私を別のチームに入れてください。If that person is the leader, screw that. If there is really no other way than making that person the leader, then please put me on a different team.
- ご飯を全部食べなくちゃ大きくなれないよ。If you don't eat all your food, you won't grow.
Synonyms
Examples
このような間違いを何回もしていては、夏休みの課題はやりきれない。
If you continue to make mistakes like these, you won't be able to finish the summer assignment.
寝る前にそんなコーヒーを飲んでは寝られない。
If you drink coffee before going to bed, you won't be able to sleep a wink.
そんな服装ではあの店には入れてもらえないよ。
With those clothes, you won't be able to enter that shop.
そのような給与では、あの工場で働くには無理がある。
It is not worth working in that factory if that is what you will be paid.
そのような振る舞いでは、周囲はあなたを「馬鹿な人」と評価し、誰もあなたに対して真面目に相手をしないでしょう。
With behavior like that, you will be labeled a fool by those around you and no one will treat you seriously.
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How to use ては・では
Maggie Sensei
Additional information and example sentences
JLPT Sensei
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Tobira
Page 307
新完全マスター N3
Page 32-2
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