Grammar Info

N4 Lesson 9: 1/16

し (Reasons)And, Giving reasons

The last し in a sentence can be replaced with から or ので

Structure

Verb (A) + し + （Verb (B) + し）
［い］Adjective (A) + し + （［い］Adjective (B) + し）
［な］Adjective (A) + だ + し + （［な］Adjective (B) + だ + し）
Noun (A) + だ + し + （Noun (B) + だ + し）

Details

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About し～し

Like て, し is a conjunction particle. This means that it is used for linking the (A) and (B) parts of a sentence, and describing that link in some way. The 'description' that し will highlight is 'reasons'. Regularly it is translated simply as 'and'.

し may be connected to the end of almost any word, but will require a だ before it when it comes after nouns or な-Adjectives. し will follow every 'reason' that is being listed in a sentence. However, the last し may be replaced with から or ので, before the 'result' is stated.

Using し will indicate that each 'reason' being listed is of equal weight/importance. Because of this, it would not be appropriate to use in sentences where one of the reasons clearly far outweighs everything else.

Fun Fact

In all of its uses, し indicates things that are 矛盾(むじゅん)無(な)く共存(きょうぞん)する, which basically means 'things that coexist, without contradicting each other'. This is the primary reason why each thing listed must be of equal importance (in terms of the overall story that the speaker is trying to convey).

Related

Examples

--:--

    彼(かれ)は掃除(そうじ)ができるし、料理(りょうり)も作(つく)れるし、結婚(けっこん)してよかった。

    He can clean and cook (among other things). I am glad that I married him.

    この赤(あか)が可愛(かわい)いし、デザインがいいし、この帽子(ぼうし)を買(か)いたい。

    This red is cute and the design is good (among other things). I want to buy this hat!

    彼女(かのじょ)は親切(しんせつ)だし、綺麗(きれい)だし、本当(ほんとう)に大好(だいす)き。

    She is kind and beautiful (among other things). I really love her.

    この近所(きんじょ)は治安(ちあん)がいいし、スーパーが近(ちか)いし、人(ひと)が優(やさ)しいからここに住(す)んでみたい。

    This neighborhood is safe and the store is close and the people are nice, so I wouldn't mind living here.

    僕(ぼく)は全然(ぜんぜん)やりたくないし、やることが多(おお)すぎるし、諦(あきら)めようと思(おも)っています。

    I have absolutely no desire to do it and there are too many things to do (among other things), (so) I am thinking about giving up.

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      し～し – Grammar Discussion

      Most Recent Replies (1 in total)

      • modboy

        modboy

        Many of the し ~ し sentences contain: (among other things). I can kind of see that this could be implied but it’s not clear, to me, in the grammar description.

        彼女は親切だし、綺麗だし、本当に大好き。
        She is kind and beautiful (among other things). I really love her.

        So I keep getting this mixed with とか-とか.

        So does し imply among other things?

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