<span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='37' data-vocab-id='148'>その</span>ジムは<span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='24' data-vocab-id='508'>安（やす）い</span><strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='262'>上（うえ）</span>に</strong>、<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='849'>私（わたし）</span>の<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='511'>家（いえ）</span>から<span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='24' data-vocab-id='994'>近（ちか）い</span>。

<span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='47' data-vocab-id='9'>あの</span><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='549'>店（みせ）</span>はリフォームした<strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='262'>上（うえ）</span>に</strong>、<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='229'>メニュー</span>も変（か）わったらしい。

<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='309'>今日（きょう）</span>の<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='517'>宿題（しゅくだい）</span>は<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='864'>簡単（かんたん）</span><span class='chui'>な</span><strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='262'>上（うえ）</span>に</strong>、<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='528'>少（すく）ない</span>。

<span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='47' data-vocab-id='9'>あの</span><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='300'>人（ひと）</span>の<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='962'>説明（せつめい）</span>は、曖昧（あいまい）<span class='chui'>な</span><strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='262'>上（うえ）</span>に</strong>不（ふ）正確（せいかく）だ。

<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='564'>彼（かれ）</span>は<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='61'>お酒（さけ）</span>を<span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='26' data-vocab-id='1081'>飲（の）む</span>と、暴（あば）れる<strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='262'>上（うえ）</span>に</strong>悪態（あくたい）をつくから<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='598'>手（て）</span>に負（お）えない。

<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='564'>彼（かれ）</span>は、怪（あや）しい<strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='262'>上（うえ）</span>に</strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='738'>気持（きも）ち</span><span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='24' data-vocab-id='586'>悪（わる）い</span>から、まずもてない。

友人（ゆうじん）は、知恵（ちえ）が<span class='chui'><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='676'>ある</span></span><strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='262'>上（うえ）</span>に</strong>勇（いさ）ましいから頼（たよ）りになります。

園芸（えんげい）は、<span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='24' data-vocab-id='704'>楽（たの）しい</span><strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='262'>上（うえ）</span>に</strong>達成（たっせい）感（かん）があります。

<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='309'>今日（きょう）</span>のおかずは豪華（ごうか）<span class='chui'>な</span><strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='262'>上（うえ）</span>に</strong>品数（しなかず）も<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='462'>多（おお）い</span>のだが、<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='309'>今日（きょう）</span>は<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='333'>何（なん）</span>の日（ひ）なんだろう？

<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='564'>彼（かれ）</span>はお洒落（しゃれ）<span class='chui'>な</span><strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='262'>上（うえ）</span>に</strong>イケメン<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='154'>だから</span>、モテモテだ。

<span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='47' data-vocab-id='9'>あの</span><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='549'>店（みせ）</span>は、<span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='24' data-vocab-id='888'>美味（おい）しい</span><strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='262'>上（うえ）</span>に</strong>落（お）ち<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='835'>着（つ）く</span>雰囲気（ふんいき）<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='154'>だから</span>、また行（い）きたい。

<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='567'>彼女（かのじょ）</span>は、おとなしい<strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='262'>上（うえ）</span>に</strong>人見知（ひとみし）り<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='154'>だから</span>、なかなか<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='416'>友達（ともだち）</span>ができません。

<div class='writeup-body'><span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='337'>上（うえ）に</span> is a grammar pattern that functions as a slightly formal way of saying 'and' in Japanese. It shows that something is 'in addition to (A)', 'as well as (A)', or 'besides (A)'. Literally, it simply shows that 'on top of (A), (B)'.<br><span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='337'>上（うえ）に</span> may be used after that standard form of verbs and い-Adjectives, な-Adjectives followed by <span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='337'>な上（うえ）に</span>, and nouns followed by <span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='337'>の上（うえ）に</span>. Occasionally, the に may be dropped from this structure, without changing the meaning at all.<ul class='writeup-examples--holder'><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>私（わたし）の犬（いぬ）は子供（こども）を見（み）ると吠（ほ）える<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='337'>上（うえ）に</span>噛（か）みつこうとするので子供（こども）には近（ちか）づけさせないようにさせています。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>In addition to barking, my dog tries to bite children when he sees them, so I try not to let him get close to them.</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>家（いえ）の近所（きんじょ）にあるレストランはまずい<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='337'>上（うえ）に</span>、高（たか）いからいつも空（す）いている。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>The restaurant near my house is always empty because in addition to having bad food, they are expensive.</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>高橋（たかはし）くんは無礼（ぶれい）な<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='337'>上（うえ）に</span>清潔感（せいけつかん）がないため、周（まわ）りの人（ひと）たちには避（さけ）けられている。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>Takahashi-kun is rude as well as unhygienic, so he is avoided by the people around him.</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>彼女（かのじょ）は調理師免許（ちょうりしめんきょ）の<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='337'>上（うえ）に</span>健康食（けんこうしょく）アドバイザーの資格（しかく）も持（も）っているので、彼女（かのじょ）が作（つく）る料理（りょうり）は健康的（けんこうてき）で美味（おい）しいです。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>In addition to having a chef's license, she also has qualification as a nutrition advisor, so the food she makes is healthy and delicious.</div></li></ul>When it comes to な-Adjectives and nouns, it is also common to see <span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='337'>である上（うえ）に</span> used as a conjugation pattern.<ul class='writeup-examples--holder'><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>あそこの駅（えき）は不便（ふべん）<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='337'>である上（うえ）に</span>利用者（りようしゃ）が減（へ）っている為（ため）、来月（らいげつ）の中旬（ちゅうじゅん）に取（と）り壊（こわ）されるそうだ。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>I heard that the station over there is going to get torn down in the middle of next month because in addition to being inconvenient, it is losing users.</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>ケントさんは新聞記者（しんぶんきしゃ）<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='337'>である上（うえ）に</span>スーパーヒーローでもあった。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>Kent-san was a newspaper reporter as well as a superhero.</div></li></ul><div class='writeup-caution'>Caution - <span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='337'>上（うえ）に</span> must always be used to highlight qualities of things that are equivalent to each other. For example, a good thing and another good thing, or a bad thing and another bad thing.<ul class='writeup-examples--holder'><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>あの建築会社（けんちくがいしゃ）が建（た）てる家（いえ）は丈夫（じょうぶ）な<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='337'>上（うえ）に</span>お洒落（しゃれ）なので、すごく人気（にんき）があるらしい。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>Apparently that building company is very popular right now because the houses they build are durable as well as stylish. (Natural Japanese)</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>彼（かれ）はハンサムな<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='337'>上（うえ）に</span>失礼（しつれい）だから、あまりモテない。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>He is not very popular because in addition to being handsome, he is rude. (Unnatural Japanese)</div></li></ul></div></div>

Grammar Info

上(うえ)に

as well, besides, in addition to