その結果(けっか) is a 接続詞(せつぞくし) (conjunction) in Japanese that is used to highlight the result of something that has been previously said. The 名詞(めいし) 結果(けっか) itself means ‘result’. This expression translates as ‘as a result of (A)’, or ‘resulting from (A)’.
その結果(けっか) will be used at the beginning of a new sentence, before a (B) phrase will highlight the result of (A).
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学校(がっこう)を3か月(げつ)休(やす)んだ。その結果(けっか)、皆(みんな)と卒業(そつぎょう)することができなかった。
I took three months off from school. As a result, I was not able to graduate with everyone.
日焼(ひや)け止(ど)めを塗(ぬ)らずにビーチで一日(いちにち)過(す)ごした。その結果(けっか)凄(すご)く日焼(ひや)けをして、しばらくシャワーに入(はい)るのが辛(つら)かった。
I spent the whole day at the beach without sunscreen. As a result, I got a bad sunburn and it was painful to take a shower for a while.
その結果(けっか) may be used to highlight either positive, or negative results interchangeably. However, the (B) part of the sentence almost always focuses on a new ‘situation’ or ‘condition’ that has been created due to (A).
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毎日(まいにち)朝(あさ)早(はや)くから夜(よる)遅(おそ)くまで練習(れんしゅう)した。その結果(けっか)、試合(しあい)で優勝(ゆうしょう)することができた。
We practiced every day from early in the morning to late at night. As a result, we were able to win the tournament.
タナカ君(くん)は一年(いちねん)間(かん)運動(うんどう)をしないでゲームばっかりしていた。その結果(けっか)20-キロも太(ふと)った。
Tanaka-kun only played video games without exercising for a year. As a result, he gained 20 kilograms.