使い方・接続
Verb + とき
［い］Adjective + とき
［な］Adjective + な + とき
Noun + の + とき
詳細
使用域
Standard
使用域
一般
「とき」の情報
とき, or 時 in kanji, is a noun that is regularly used to signify 'when' something was done. However, unlike some other time expressions, とき is mainly used to express things that happen at regular intervals (habits, hobbies, etc.), or at broad times/individual events (when it rains, when there is a sale at the shop, etc.)
Using とき is quite easy! You just need to attach it to the end of any independent word (verbs, nouns, or adjectives). As with most cases where you will attach a noun to another word in Japanese, we will also be required to use な after な-Adjectives, and の after nouns.
Using とき is quite easy! You just need to attach it to the end of any independent word (verbs, nouns, or adjectives). As with most cases where you will attach a noun to another word in Japanese, we will also be required to use な after な-Adjectives, and の after nouns.
- 狭い駐車場で車のドアを開けたときにドアを壁にぶつけた。When I opened my car door in a small parking lot, I slammed it on the wall. (Individual event)
- 暑い時はエアコンを点けましょう。When it is hot, let's turn on the air conditioner. (Broad time)
- 彼は暇なときに本を読みます。He reads books when he is bored. (Hobby)
- 雨の時は家でゴロゴロしています。When it rains, I laze around in my house. (Habit)
Caution
As discussed previously, とき is primarily used to discuss broad times. What this means is that it will not be used to discuss very specific events. For example 'the time you tripped over a log and hurt your foot'. Although this type of sentence will not be grammatically incorrect, it will sound quite unnatural.- 昨日、学校から家に帰ってた時に木の根っこにつまづいて、足を痛めた。Yesterday, when I was going home from school, I tripped on a tree root and hurt my foot. (Too specific, another grammar point will work better)
- 俺が高校生の時に俺が好きな女の子に告白して、「え、無理...」って言われた。When I was in highschool I asked out a girl I liked, and she said 'umm, no way…' (時 is describing the broad event of 'being a highschool student', while て is describing a single event that happened during that time.
同義語
際に
When, At the time of, In case of, On the occasion of
未学習
と同時に
At the same time as, The instant, The moment, As well as
未学習
の間に
While, During, Between, Period
未学習
中
During, While, Throughout, In the process of
未学習
最中に
In the middle of
未学習
ながら
While ~ing, During, As
未学習
ているあいだに
While, During the time that ~
未学習
ているところだ
In the process of doing ~ right now/at this moment
未学習
うちに
While, During
未学習
ことがある
Something is possible, Sometimes, Occasionally, There are times when
未学習
ごろ
Around, About
未学習
折には
When, Occasion, Opportunity, Time
未学習
例文
散歩をするときに音楽を聴く。
I listen to music when I take a walk.
私はカラオケに行くときに楽しめます。
When I go to karaoke, I can have fun.
授業のときは静かにしなくてはいけない。
When you are having class, you have to be quiet.
あの映画を見たとき、泣いた。
When I watched that movie, I cried.
大変なときに彼の親は亡くなった。
His parents died when he was going through a difficult time.
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オンライン
When: 時
Imabi
Use とき
JapaneseAmmo
"IF" / "WHEN" （と vs たら vs とき) Differences ┃PART1 & 2
Japanese Ammo
オフライン
Genki II 1st Edition
Page 78
みんなの日本語 I
Page 146 [CH 23]
Genki II 2nd Edition
Page 104
みんなの日本語 II
Page 24 [CH 28]
Marugoto Elementary 2 (A2) Rikai
Page 58
Marugoto Elementary 1 (A2) Rikai
Page 34
[DBJG] A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar
Page 13 & 490
[AIAIJ] An Integrated Approach to Intermediate Japanese
Page 114
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「とき」に関する文法ディスカッション
最近の返信 (合計9件)
Arwin1
狭い駐車場で車のドアを開けたときにドアを壁にぶつけた。
When I opened my car door in a small parking lot, I slammed it on the wall. (Individual event)This example sentence from the grammar point uses とき for an individual event and is marked as such. The rest of the grammar point explains that:
"[…] What this means is that it will not be used to discuss very specific events. For example ‘the time you tripped over a log and hurt your foot’. "
So why is とき used here anyway? Feels like a strange example to me.
Dorade
Yes I asked myself the same question, it does say that とき is used for broad periods and not specific events
jelly1
Exactly my thoughts. The introduction/first example says it can be used for individual events but the Caution box says the opposite. Completely contradictory.
Would be nice if we could get that point about に added to the page as well.
「とき」について質問がありますか？ 話し合ったり、質問をしてみんなで学びましょう！
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