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ように・ような
As・like, Just like
Détails Exemples Ressources
Détails Exemples Ressources Verb + よう に + Verb(1) よう な (1) Adverb、［い］Adjective 、［な］Adjective
We have seen many cases now where the auxiliary verb ようだ may be modified slightly to show that something is being done 'in a way' that will bring about a specific outcome. In this lesson, we will look at how ような (when used with nouns), or ように (when used with verbs) may be used with almost any noun/verb, to show that they are being done/existing in a particular manner.
Sometimes, this structure is used purely to express the speaker's uncertainty about whether (B) really is being done/existing in the way of (A). In these cases, ように (or ような ) will be translated as 'as if', or 'as though'.
風 (ふう) and ように・ような both express resemblance. 風 attaches directly to nouns, e.g. アメリカ風料理 'American-style food', while ような requires の before nouns, e.g. ハンバーガーのような料理 'food like a hamburger'. 風 often has a more stylistic nuance, while ような is a more neutral comparison.
ようだ It seems that, It appears that, It looks like
ようだ and ように・ような share the meaning of 'seems' or 'appears', but differ in usage. ようだ is used at the end of a sentence to express observations or inferences, e.g. 雨が降るようだ ('It looks like it will rain.'). ように・ような connect to verbs or nouns to show similarity, e.g. 春のように暖かい ('It's warm like spring.') and 春のような天気 'spring-like weather'.
みたいに・みたいな Like, Similar to, Resembling
ように・ような and みたいに・みたいな both express similarity, meaning 'like' something else. The main difference is formality and structure. みたい is more casual and attaches directly, e.g. 春みたいな天気 'spring-like weather' in a season that is not actually spring. よう is more formal and requires の, e.g. 春のような天気, which has the same meaning.
そうに・そうな Seem, Look like, Sound
Both そうに・そうな and ように・ような describe appearances, but with different nuances. そうに・そうな conveys a subjective impression or an event about to happen, e.g. 優しそうな目 'kind-seeming eyes' or 雨が降りそうな天気 'weather that looks like it's about to rain'. ように・ような, in contrast, expresses comparison, e.g. 春が来たような天気 'weather that feels like spring has arrived'.
のように・のような Like (Noun), Similar to (Noun)
Both のように・のような and ように・ような use よう to express similarity, but with different structures and uses. のように・のような follows nouns for comparisons, e.g. 日本人のような話し方 'a manner of speaking like a Japanese person's'. ように・ような follows verbs and conveys the meaning of doing something 'as if' or 'in a way that is like,' e.g. 日本人が話すように話す 'to speak like a Japanese person speaks'.
まい～のように Almost every ~, Nearly every ~, On a ~ basis
These expressions are related through the ように in まい～のように, which is the same as in ように・ような, both expressing comparison. まい～のように is used with 'every~' time expressions to mean 'almost every (A)', e.g. 毎日のように 'almost every day'. In contrast, ように・ような is used for general comparisons, e.g. 春のように暖かい ('It's warm like spring.').
ような気がする Have a feeling that
ように・ような follows the plain form of a verb or adjective, and expresses similarity in a general sense. For example, 春が来たような日 'a day that is like as if spring had come'. ような気がする is a common idiom that uses this pattern, meaning 'have a feeling.' For example, 誰かが来たような気がする ('I have a feeling that someone came.').
とおり In that way, Exactly, Precisely, Just as
Both とおり and ように・ような can express doing something in a similar way, but their nuance differs. とおり implies doing something exactly as described, while ように・ような suggests general similarity. For example, 言われたとおりにした ('I did exactly as I was told.') vs. 言われたようにした ('I did it as I was told.'), where the latter is less precise and emphatic about how closely the speaker followed instructions.
ふうに ~ way, In a way that suggests, Like ~
ふうに and ように・ような both express similarity or comparison, but their nuance differs. ふうに suggests appearing a certain way or having a certain style (literally, a certain 'air'). In contrast, ように・ような implies a more direct comparison or resemblance. Their usage also differs: ふうに is followed by verbs or phrases, while ように connects to phrases and ような to nouns.
という風に As if to say, As if to suggest that, In such a way that, Things like
Both という風に and ように・ような can be used to express similarity or comparison, but their nuance differs. という風に suggests doing something in a way 'as if to say' something else, meaning that the comparison can be uncertain or abstract. In contrast, ように・ような expresses a more direct comparison, implying similar qualities.
かのようだ and ように・ような both use よう, meaning 'seems', but have different specific uses. かのようだ carries a strong hypothetical nuance and is often used to mean 'just like' or 'as if' when comparing to obviously different things. In contrast, ように・ような expresses comparison in a more direct or neutral way and can be used whether the similarity is hypothetical or real.
にみえる To look, To seem, To appear
ように・ような and にみえる can both describe similarities in appearance, but differ in usage. ように・ような follows the plain form of a verb or adjective and expresses general similarity. にみえる follows a noun or な-adjective (note: よう functions as a な-adjective) and means 'looks like'. The two can be used together, for example, 台風が来たように見える ('It looks as if a typhoon had come.').
みたい Like, Similar to, Resembling
Both みたい and ように・ような express resemblance, similar to 'seems like' in English. みたい is more casual and common in everyday speech, while ように・ような is more formal and used in writing. みたい attaches directly to nouns, e.g. 春みたいな天気 'spring-like weather'. In contrast, よう requires の, e.g. 春のような天気 (same meaning).
そう Look like, Appear, Seem, Have a feeling that
ように・ような and そう both convey impressions, but with different nuance. ように・ような expresses direct comparison or similarity, like 'as if' or 'like,' e.g. 春が来たように暖かい ('It's warm as if spring had come.'). そう is based on the speaker's observation or feeling, e.g. 暖かそう ('It seems warm.').
ように～てほしい Want ~ to ~ like ~, Want ~ to be able to ~, Want ~ to ~ in the way of ~
ように・ような follows the plain form of a verb or adjective and expresses general similarity. For example, 日本人のように話す 'speak like a Japanese person'. The same よう appears in ように～てほしい, which expresses wanting someone to act a certain way. For example, 日本人のように話してほしい ('I want you to speak like a Japanese person.').
彼( かれ ) は 食( た ) べすぎた ような 顔( かお ) を している 。
He looks like he ate too much.
あなたが 言( い ) った ように 事故( じこ ) が 起( お ) こった 。
An accident happened just like you said.
十( じゅう ) 代( だい ) に 戻( もど ) った ように 楽( たの ) しかった 。
It was fun, just like being in my teens again.
君( きみ ) が 言( い ) う ように 綺麗( きれい ) です ね 。
It is beautiful, just like you say.
驚( おどろ ) く ような 景色( けしき ) を 見( み ) た 。
I saw mind-blowing-like scenery.
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ように・ような – Discussion Grammaire
Réponses les plus récentes (29 au total)
Mastanese1
Sometimes, this structure is used purely to express the speaker’s uncertainty about whether (B) really is being done/existing in the way of (A). In these cases, ように (or ような) will be translated as ‘as if’, or ‘as though’.
can ように in this case be used with past-tense verbs as well? e.g.
彼は今、人を殺すような目をしている。about to kill someone.)
彼は今、人を殺したような目をしている。has killed someone.) <----- Would this be correct?
Asher
It certainly can be! In the situation you described, it also slightly changes the nuance.
殺したような目 makes me think of someone with a crazed/panicked look as if they had just committed the act.
殺すような目 makes me think of someone that is more full of hate that is on the verge of something.
In general, when something can be used after the ‘standard’ form of a word, this just means any form that isn’t です/ます. That means 〜る、〜た、〜ている、〜ていた、〜ない、〜なかった、〜ていなかった etc
Mastanese1
that makes sense! Thank you for the detailed explanation
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